Influenza--info

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Wednesday, August 26, 2009

Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae (the influenza viruses), that affects birds and mammals. The name influenza comes from the Italian influenza, meaning "influence" (Latin: influentia). The most common symptoms of the disease are chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness and general discomfort.[1] Fever and coughs are the most frequent symptoms. In more serious cases, influenza causes pneumonia, which can be fatal, particularly for the young and the elderly. Although it is often confused with other influenza-like illnesses, especially the common cold, influenza is a much more severe disease than the common cold and is caused by a different type of virus.[2] Influenza may produce nausea and vomiting, particularly in children,[1] but these symptoms are more common in the unrelated gastroenteritis, which is sometimes called "stomach flu" or "24-hour flu".[3]

Typically, influenza is transmitted through the air by coughs or sneezes, creating aerosols containing the virus. Influenza can also be transmitted by bird droppings, saliva, nasal secretions, feces and blood. Infection can also occur through contact with these body fluids or through contact with contaminated surfaces. Airborne aerosols have been thought to cause most infections, although which means of transmission is most important is not absolutely clear. Influenza viruses can be inactivated by sunlight, disinfectants and detergents.[4][5] As the virus can be inactivated by soap, frequent hand washing reduces the risk of infection.

Influenza spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics, resulting in the deaths of hundreds of thousands annually — millions in pandemic years. Three influenza pandemics occurred in the 20th century and killed tens of millions of people, with each of these pandemics being caused by the appearance of a new strain of the virus in humans. Often, these new strains appear when an existing flu virus spreads to humans from other animal species, or when an existing human strain picks up new genes from a virus that usually infects birds or pigs. An avian strain named H5N1 raised the concern of a new influenza pandemic, after it emerged in Asia in the 1990s, but it has not evolved to a form that spreads easily between people.[6] In April 2009 a novel flu strain evolved that combined genes from human, pig, and bird flu, initially dubbed "swine flu" and also known as influenza A(H1N1), emerged in Mexico, the United States, and several other nations. The World Health Organization officially declared the outbreak to be a "pandemic" on June 11, 2009. The WHO's declaration of a pandemic level 6 was an indication of spread, not severity.[7]

Vaccinations against influenza are usually given to people in developed countries[8] and to farmed poultry.[9] The most common human vaccine is the trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) that contains purified and inactivated material from three viral strains. Typically, this vaccine includes material from two influenza A virus subtypes and one influenza B virus strain.[10] The TIV carries no risk of transmitting the disease, and it has very low reactivity. A vaccine formulated for one year may be ineffective in the following year, since the influenza virus evolves rapidly, and new strains quickly replace the older ones. Antiviral drugs can be used to treat influenza, with neuraminidase inhibitors being particularly effective.

The Orthomyxoviridae (orthos, Greek for "straight"; myxa, Greek for "mucus")[1] are a family of RNA viruses that includes five genera: Influenzavirus A, Influenzavirus B, Influenzavirus C, Isavirus and Thogotovirus. The first three genera contain viruses that cause influenza in vertebrates, including birds (see also avian influenza), humans, and other mammals. Isaviruses infect salmon; thogotoviruses infect vertebrates and invertebrates, such as mosquitoes and sea lice.[2][3][4]

The three genera of Influenzavirus, which are identified by antigenic differences in their nucleoprotein and matrix protein infect vertebrates as follows:

* Influenzavirus A cause of all flu pandemics and infect humans, other mammals and birds
* Influenzavirus B infect humans and seals
* Influenzavirus C infect humans and pigs


Avian influenza, sometimes avian flu, and commonly bird flu, refers to "influenza caused by viruses adapted to birds."[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Of greatest concern is highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).

"Bird flu" is a phrase similar to "swine flu," "dog flu," "horse flu," or "human flu" in that it refers to an illness caused by any of many different strains of influenza viruses that have adapted to a specific host. All known viruses that cause influenza in birds belong to the species influenza A virus. All subtypes (but not all strains of all subtypes) of influenza A virus are adapted to birds, which is why for many purposes avian flu virus is the influenza A virus (note that the "A" does not stand for "avian").

Adaptation is non-exclusive. Being adapted towards a particular species does not preclude adaptations, or partial adaptations, towards infecting different species. In this way strains of influenza viruses are adapted to multiple species, though may be preferential towards a particular host. For example, viruses responsible for influenza pandemics are adapted to both humans and birds. Recent influenza research into the genes of the Spanish flu virus shows it to have genes adapted to both birds and humans; with more of its genes from birds than less deadly later pandemic strains.

Swine influenza (also called swine flu, hog flu, and pig flu) is an infection by any one of several types of swine influenza virus. Swine influenza virus (SIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs.[2] As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.

Swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations worldwide. Transmission of the virus from pigs to humans is not common and does not always lead to human influenza, often resulting only in the production of antibodies in the blood. If transmission does cause human influenza, it is called zoonotic swine flu. People with regular exposure to pigs are at increased risk of swine flu infection. The meat of an infected animal poses no risk of infection when properly cooked.

During the mid-20th century, identification of influenza subtypes became possible, allowing accurate diagnosis of transmission to humans. Since then, only 50 such transmissions have been confirmed. These strains of swine flu rarely pass from human to human. Symptoms of zoonotic swine flu in humans are similar to those of influenza and of influenza-like illness in general, namely chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness and general discomfort.

Flu season is a regularly re-occurring time period characterized by the prevalence of outbreaks of influenza. The season occurs during the cold half of the year in each hemisphere. Influenza activity can sometimes be predicted and even tracked geographically. While the beginning of major flu activity in each season varies by location, in any specific location these minor epidemics usually take about 3 weeks to peak and another 3 weeks to significantly diminish.[1] Individual cases of the flu however, usually only last a few days. In some countries such as Japan, Korea, and China, infected persons sometimes wear a surgical mask out of respect for others

Posted byGOWTAM.... at 11:08 AM 0 comments  

Swine Flu Info

• India developing indigenous swine flu vaccine
  


• India may have swine flu vaccine by September
  


• Keep your Children Safe from Swine Flu.
  


• Risks of Swine Flu
  


• Symptoms of H1N1
  


• Effective Treatments for H1N1
  


• General info on 2009 H1N1 flu
  


• Message from CDC
  


• Swine Flu Prevention
  


• Vitamin c tops the list of immune boosters
  


• Grapefruit Seed Extract
  

Posted byGOWTAM.... at 10:47 AM 0 comments  

Grapefruit seed extract

Grapefruit seed extract

Some alternative medicine practitioners have stated that GSE possess antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-fungal properties.

Posted byGOWTAM.... at 10:42 AM 0 comments  

Vitamin C tops the list of immune boosters

Vitamin C tops the list of immune boosters

Vitamin C is on the top of many lists of immune boosters for many reasons. There have been much research and numerous tests done on the immune-boosting effects of vitamin C. Vitamin C is available naturally in many fruits and vegetables and supplements are generally inexpensive.

Research shows that vitamin C increases the production of infection-fighting white blood cells and antibodies. Vitamin C also increases levels of interferon, the antibody that coats cell surfaces, preventing the entry of viruses. Vitamin C has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by raising levels of HDL (good) cholesterol. It also lowers blood pressure and interferes with the process that converts fat to plaque in the arteries. Additional studies have shown that people with diets higher in vitamin C have shown lower rates of colon, prostate, and breast cancer.

The dose you take can range from a few hundred milligram to a few thousand. Be warned that starting off with extremely high doses may cause you some bowel issues. If you plan on taking large doses, it is generally best to start small and work your way up. Vitamin C pills and tablets usually come in doses up to 1000mg. Ascorbic acid is another name for Vitamin C. Fine Ascorbic acid is a bioavailable form of Vitamin C in a powder form allowing it to be combined with other powdered supplements or dissolved in liquid for easy ingestion. A dose of ascorbic acid is generally much more concentrated than Vitamin C in pill form with 1/2 teaspoon containing up to 2.5 grams of Vitamin C.

Posted byGOWTAM.... at 10:41 AM 0 comments  

Swine Flu Prevention

Facemasks and N95 Respirators may help

According to the US FDA, Facemasks and N95 respirators are devices may help prevent the spread of germs (viruses and bacteria) from one person to another. These devices are one part of an infection-control strategy that should also include washing your hands frequently and social distancing such as canceling events and closing buildings or restricting access to certain sites or buildings.

Please note that according to the FDA website linked above, N95 respirators are not designed for children or people with facial hair. Proper fit cannot be achieved on children and people with facial hair, resulting in a chance that the N95 respirator may not provide full protection. People who have chronic respiratory, cardiac, or other medical conditions that make it difficult to breathe should check with their doctor before using an N95 respirator. The N95 respirator can require more effort to breathe. Some models have exhalation valves that can make breathing out easier and help reduce heat build-up.

ALL FDA-cleared N95 respirators are labeled as “single use”, disposable devices. If using a respirator andit becomes damaged or soiled, or if you encounter difficulty breathing, you should remove and discard of the respirator and replace it with a new one. To safely discard your N95 respirator, place it in a plastic bag and put it in the trash. Be sure to wash your hands after handling the used respirator.

Tips on how to talk to your kids about swine flu

Your kids will undoubtedly ask questions about germs and flu in general and possibly even about swine flu. Its best to let your kids know about the dangers of germs. As you have most likely done before, you’ll want to explain to kids that germs can make us sick, and that’s why it’s important to wash your hands. I like to tell my kids that, “Soap and water rinse away the germs so they can’t make us feel bad.” and then show them the best way to go about washing their hands. Here are some tips for
Getting your kids to wash their hands.
Washing your hands regularly is a great swine flu preventative measure. We know that, our kids know that, but it isn’t always easy to get them to follow through with it. Simply by washing our hands regularly, we can help prevent the spread of swine flu and many other germs and diseases. So, how do you get your kids to wash their hands regularly without whining about it? Here are some tips that might help:

Washing your hands can help prevent the spread of swine flu

• It’s best to soap up for 20 seconds or more. A good way to ensure your kids do this is have them sing a quick little song like “Happy Birthday” twice.
• Be a good example for your kids and lather up! In the process, encourage your kids to teach their dolls to do the same.
• Make sure your kids can reach the sink easily. I know at first, my little guy had some problems with that, a step stool in the bathroom really helped.
• This is common sense, but sometimes we simply forget. Keep your kid’s fingernails clipped. Smaller nail means less hiding places for those nasty swine flu germs.
• Remember to keep a bottle of hand sanitizer readily available.
• Another great idea is to carry a pack of sanitizing hand wipes in your purse, so that you have them readily available while you are out and about.

If your kids have heard about swine flu in particular, the best thing to do is project an image of calm (even if you are anything buy calm on the inside) and make sure they feel safe. Small kids should be soothed with a simple explanation that there are different kinds of flu. Use their questions and concerns about it as a way of encouraging them to make sure they keep their hands clean. Older kids may be scared but hide it. You should give them a few more details but still reassure them that you are on top of things and that our health officials know what they are doing.

Swine Flu Signs, Symptoms and Action

Indicators of 2009 H1N1 or swine flu are not unlike those for regular old run-of-the-mill flu. What makes the swine flu virus different from typical flu is that more serious complications, such as pneumonia, might occur more often. Swine flu is also a new strain of flu, and no one in the population would be expected to be immune since it has never been encountered before.

During an outbreak such as this, one of the biggest concerns for officials is simply that a lot of people could get sick at the same time. This could put a terrible strain on the medical system in the country where it is happening. One thing is certain though, our government health officials are doing everything they can to make sure the country is prepared. The best thing to do in the mean time is learn the signs to watch out for. If you or your child are experiencing any of the following symptoms, you should call your doctor as soon as possible. He or she may want you to come in and be tested. Here are the symptoms you should look out for:

• Fever. You should watch for a fever above 100.4 for babies 3 months and younger, and 101.1 for everyone else.
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Intense body aches
• Headache
• Chills
• Fatigue

There have also been reports by some people that they have diarrhea and vomiting, too.

Pregnant women and small children are at extra risk. Pregnant women face extra risk for complication even with regular flu and should be more careful during the swine flu outbreak. Small children have a higher rate of hospitalization. Moms with children under 2 years old should be extra careful about taking action quickly.

If you or your child experiences the following symptoms, you should consider a trip to the ER

If you notice that your child is demonstrating any of the following symptoms, it’s time to seek emergency care:

• Fast or troubled breathing
• Bluish skin color
• Refusal to drink fluids
• Difficulty waking up and/or interacting
• Being so irritable that the child does not want to be held
• Flu-like symptoms improve but then return with fever and worse cough
• Fever with a rash, especially one that does not blanch

In adults, the following symptoms deserve an ER trip as well:

• If you experience difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Pain or pressure in the chest
• Abdominal pain
• Sudden dizziness
• Confusion

Swine Flu Prevention Measures

Preventing the spread of germs is something we all know how to do. We learn it early on in school and practice it throughout our lives. Even so, in an outbreak such as the current swine flu outbreak, it can’t hurt to be somewhat more vigilant in trying to prevent the spread of the germs that cause 2009 H1N1 better known as swine flu. We have included a list of simple thing you can do to help prevent the spread of germs, starting today.

First we will start with preventative measure you can take at home:

• The first and foremost is basic common sense. But, it can’t be stressed enough. Wash your hands frequently, and make sure your kids wash their hands too. You want to be sure to make a habit out of washing your hands as soon as you walk in the door, before meals and food prep, after bathroom breaks and after touching pets.
• Make sure to take the time to clean the places germs like to hang out. They include tables, doorknobs, desks and kitchen counters. Be sure to clean with a disinfecting cleaner. Look for products that contain bleach or alcohol. Disinfectant cleaners will help to ensure the surfaces of your home are clean and germ free
• Be sure to help your family keep their immune system strong with regular sleep, and lots of fruits and veggies. If you know someone who’s been sick, stay away for now in order to not help the swine flu germs spread to new uninfected hosts. You.

Here are some swine flu preventive measures for when you and your family are out and about:

• Ensuring your kids are active is a great way to keep them healthy. One of the best ways to do that is frequent visits to the playground. Unfortunately, playground equipment can be a breeding ground for nasty germs. Be sure to have your kids washt heir hands frequently.
• In the event that a sink is not available, keep plenty of hand wipes or hand sanitizer in your purse, in your car, or in your pocket.
• Try to avoid crowded areas that are closed in. Germs spread easily and the less open space around you, the easier they are going to spread from person to person.
• Absolutely be sure to wash your hands or use sanitizer after handling money. Germs and bacteria are all over our money. While we can’t generally avoid handling it, be sure to wash those hands after doing so.
• Keep a pen handy to use when you are signing credit card slips. For the electronic signature, try and use your finger, if it doesn’t work, use the pen provided, but be sure to wash your hands afterwards.
• Flu masks can help if you are already sick. Do your best not to go out. If you have to go out, do your best to prevent the spread of germs by covering up when you sneeze or cough and keeping your hands clean as well as trying to stay away from large crowds. Wearing a flu mask might also help to prevent your germs from reaching others.

General preventive tips that will help you avoid getting and spreading germs and the swine flu:

• Don’t use your hands to cover up when you cough. Use your elbow or sleeve instead. If your kids haven’t already learned this in school, teach it to them today! We touch everything and when we sneeze or cough into our hands, so do our germs.
• This seems like a given. But we all do it. Don’t stuff those used tissues into your pocket. Toss them in the trash instead.
• Do your best to keep from touching your eyes, nose and mouth. These are the easiest spots for germs to get a foothold and make you sick.
• Remind your kids not to share cups, utensils and plates with their friends. It’s just not a good, healthy practice.

Posted byGOWTAM.... at 10:39 AM 0 comments  

Swine Flu Prevention

Facemasks and N95 Respirators may help

According to the US FDA, Facemasks and N95 respirators are devices may help prevent the spread of germs (viruses and bacteria) from one person to another. These devices are one part of an infection-control strategy that should also include washing your hands frequently and social distancing such as canceling events and closing buildings or restricting access to certain sites or buildings.

Please note that according to the FDA website linked above, N95 respirators are not designed for children or people with facial hair. Proper fit cannot be achieved on children and people with facial hair, resulting in a chance that the N95 respirator may not provide full protection. People who have chronic respiratory, cardiac, or other medical conditions that make it difficult to breathe should check with their doctor before using an N95 respirator. The N95 respirator can require more effort to breathe. Some models have exhalation valves that can make breathing out easier and help reduce heat build-up.

ALL FDA-cleared N95 respirators are labeled as “single use”, disposable devices. If using a respirator andit becomes damaged or soiled, or if you encounter difficulty breathing, you should remove and discard of the respirator and replace it with a new one. To safely discard your N95 respirator, place it in a plastic bag and put it in the trash. Be sure to wash your hands after handling the used respirator.

Tips on how to talk to your kids about swine flu

Your kids will undoubtedly ask questions about germs and flu in general and possibly even about swine flu. Its best to let your kids know about the dangers of germs. As you have most likely done before, you’ll want to explain to kids that germs can make us sick, and that’s why it’s important to wash your hands. I like to tell my kids that, “Soap and water rinse away the germs so they can’t make us feel bad.” and then show them the best way to go about washing their hands. Here are some tips for
Getting your kids to wash their hands.
Washing your hands regularly is a great swine flu preventative measure. We know that, our kids know that, but it isn’t always easy to get them to follow through with it. Simply by washing our hands regularly, we can help prevent the spread of swine flu and many other germs and diseases. So, how do you get your kids to wash their hands regularly without whining about it? Here are some tips that might help:

Washing your hands can help prevent the spread of swine flu

• It’s best to soap up for 20 seconds or more. A good way to ensure your kids do this is have them sing a quick little song like “Happy Birthday” twice.
• Be a good example for your kids and lather up! In the process, encourage your kids to teach their dolls to do the same.
• Make sure your kids can reach the sink easily. I know at first, my little guy had some problems with that, a step stool in the bathroom really helped.
• This is common sense, but sometimes we simply forget. Keep your kid’s fingernails clipped. Smaller nail means less hiding places for those nasty swine flu germs.
• Remember to keep a bottle of hand sanitizer readily available.
• Another great idea is to carry a pack of sanitizing hand wipes in your purse, so that you have them readily available while you are out and about.

If your kids have heard about swine flu in particular, the best thing to do is project an image of calm (even if you are anything buy calm on the inside) and make sure they feel safe. Small kids should be soothed with a simple explanation that there are different kinds of flu. Use their questions and concerns about it as a way of encouraging them to make sure they keep their hands clean. Older kids may be scared but hide it. You should give them a few more details but still reassure them that you are on top of things and that our health officials know what they are doing.

Swine Flu Signs, Symptoms and Action

Indicators of 2009 H1N1 or swine flu are not unlike those for regular old run-of-the-mill flu. What makes the swine flu virus different from typical flu is that more serious complications, such as pneumonia, might occur more often. Swine flu is also a new strain of flu, and no one in the population would be expected to be immune since it has never been encountered before.

During an outbreak such as this, one of the biggest concerns for officials is simply that a lot of people could get sick at the same time. This could put a terrible strain on the medical system in the country where it is happening. One thing is certain though, our government health officials are doing everything they can to make sure the country is prepared. The best thing to do in the mean time is learn the signs to watch out for. If you or your child are experiencing any of the following symptoms, you should call your doctor as soon as possible. He or she may want you to come in and be tested. Here are the symptoms you should look out for:

• Fever. You should watch for a fever above 100.4 for babies 3 months and younger, and 101.1 for everyone else.
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Intense body aches
• Headache
• Chills
• Fatigue

There have also been reports by some people that they have diarrhea and vomiting, too.

Pregnant women and small children are at extra risk. Pregnant women face extra risk for complication even with regular flu and should be more careful during the swine flu outbreak. Small children have a higher rate of hospitalization. Moms with children under 2 years old should be extra careful about taking action quickly.

If you or your child experiences the following symptoms, you should consider a trip to the ER

If you notice that your child is demonstrating any of the following symptoms, it’s time to seek emergency care:

• Fast or troubled breathing
• Bluish skin color
• Refusal to drink fluids
• Difficulty waking up and/or interacting
• Being so irritable that the child does not want to be held
• Flu-like symptoms improve but then return with fever and worse cough
• Fever with a rash, especially one that does not blanch

In adults, the following symptoms deserve an ER trip as well:

• If you experience difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Pain or pressure in the chest
• Abdominal pain
• Sudden dizziness
• Confusion

Swine Flu Prevention Measures

Preventing the spread of germs is something we all know how to do. We learn it early on in school and practice it throughout our lives. Even so, in an outbreak such as the current swine flu outbreak, it can’t hurt to be somewhat more vigilant in trying to prevent the spread of the germs that cause 2009 H1N1 better known as swine flu. We have included a list of simple thing you can do to help prevent the spread of germs, starting today.

First we will start with preventative measure you can take at home:

• The first and foremost is basic common sense. But, it can’t be stressed enough. Wash your hands frequently, and make sure your kids wash their hands too. You want to be sure to make a habit out of washing your hands as soon as you walk in the door, before meals and food prep, after bathroom breaks and after touching pets.
• Make sure to take the time to clean the places germs like to hang out. They include tables, doorknobs, desks and kitchen counters. Be sure to clean with a disinfecting cleaner. Look for products that contain bleach or alcohol. Disinfectant cleaners will help to ensure the surfaces of your home are clean and germ free
• Be sure to help your family keep their immune system strong with regular sleep, and lots of fruits and veggies. If you know someone who’s been sick, stay away for now in order to not help the swine flu germs spread to new uninfected hosts. You.

Here are some swine flu preventive measures for when you and your family are out and about:

• Ensuring your kids are active is a great way to keep them healthy. One of the best ways to do that is frequent visits to the playground. Unfortunately, playground equipment can be a breeding ground for nasty germs. Be sure to have your kids washt heir hands frequently.
• In the event that a sink is not available, keep plenty of hand wipes or hand sanitizer in your purse, in your car, or in your pocket.
• Try to avoid crowded areas that are closed in. Germs spread easily and the less open space around you, the easier they are going to spread from person to person.
• Absolutely be sure to wash your hands or use sanitizer after handling money. Germs and bacteria are all over our money. While we can’t generally avoid handling it, be sure to wash those hands after doing so.
• Keep a pen handy to use when you are signing credit card slips. For the electronic signature, try and use your finger, if it doesn’t work, use the pen provided, but be sure to wash your hands afterwards.
• Flu masks can help if you are already sick. Do your best not to go out. If you have to go out, do your best to prevent the spread of germs by covering up when you sneeze or cough and keeping your hands clean as well as trying to stay away from large crowds. Wearing a flu mask might also help to prevent your germs from reaching others.

General preventive tips that will help you avoid getting and spreading germs and the swine flu:

• Don’t use your hands to cover up when you cough. Use your elbow or sleeve instead. If your kids haven’t already learned this in school, teach it to them today! We touch everything and when we sneeze or cough into our hands, so do our germs.
• This seems like a given. But we all do it. Don’t stuff those used tissues into your pocket. Toss them in the trash instead.
• Do your best to keep from touching your eyes, nose and mouth. These are the easiest spots for germs to get a foothold and make you sick.
• Remind your kids not to share cups, utensils and plates with their friends. It’s just not a good, healthy practice.

Posted byGOWTAM.... at 10:38 AM 0 comments  

A Message From CDC

2009 H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu)

Key Flu Indicators

Each week CDC analyzes information about influenza disease activity in the United States and publishes findings of key flu indicators in a report called FluView. During the week of August 9-15, 2009, a review of these key indictors found that influenza activity had decreased slightly in the United States from the previous week. However, there were still higher levels of influenza activity than is normal for this time of year. Below is a summary of the most recent key indicators:

• Visits to doctors for influenza-like illness (ILI) were highest in February during the 2008-09 flu season, but rose again in April 2009 after the new H1N1 virus emerged. Current visits to doctors for influenza-like illness are down from April, but are higher than what is expected in the summer.
• Total influenza hospitalization rates for adults and children remain low and are well below the seasonal winter-time average of the last four years.
• The proportion of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza (P&I) was low and within the bounds of what is expected in the summer.
• Most state health officials are reporting local or sporadic influenza activity. Two states are reporting widespread influenza activity at this time. Any reports of widespread influenza activity in August are very unusual.
• Almost all of the influenza viruses identified were the new 2009 H1N1 influenza A viruses. These 2009 H1N1 viruses remain similar to the viruses chosen for the 2009 H1N1 vaccine and remain susceptible to antiviral drugs (oseltamivir and zanamivir).

Posted byGOWTAM.... at 10:37 AM 0 comments